Syllabus

Extended Syllabus PDF

Last Week

Week 3 - Presentation LINK

Book

The Book of R - The Language - Getting Started

(Part 1, Section 1, Pg. 3-14)

The Book of R - PDF

Homework for Today

• Download R and R Studio
• datacamp - Introduction to R - Intro to basics

QUIZ

R Language - Getting Started

R and RStudio

• What is R?
• R History
• R and CRAN
• What is RStudio?
• RStudio Products

What is R?

R is a language. It is a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics.

It is a GNU project.

Linux/UNIX, MacOS and Windows

R version 4.0.3 has been released on 2020-10-10

R History

• Bell Laboratories are used for industrial research and scientific development.
• S is a statistical programming language, by John Chambers, Bell Laboratories, New Jersey, 1975–1976.
• R was created by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman, (statisticians), GNU public license, the University of Auckland, New Zealand, 1992.

Powerful but cheap graphics - Open Sources

Milestones of R

• 1991 - Statistical Models in S (White Book) was published.
• 1997 - The oldest R source was released on The Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN).
• 1997 - 3 mirrors and 12 packages.
• 1997 - R becomes an official part of the GNU Project.
• 1999 - “update.packages” and “install.packages” functions.
• 2001 - The first version for Mac OS X.
• 2010 - Support for Windows 64 bit systems.
• 2013 - Support for numeric index values 2^31 and larger on 64 bit systems.
• 2017 - Just-in-time compilation (JIT) of functions and loops (10 to 20 times faster).

almost 20 years, and more than 10,000 R packages

R Download and CRAN

R Homepage - LINK

The Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) - LINK

please choose a location close to you

R Download and CRAN

Turkey - Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus, Mersin - LINK

R

What is RStudio

An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for R.

RStudio Desktop and RStudio Server

• Developer(s) : RStudio, Inc.
• Initial release : 28 February 2011
• Stable release : 1.3.1903 / 18 September 2020
• Written in : Java, C++, JavaScript

RStudio Desktop

RStudio Cloud

R studio anywhere using a web browser https://rstudio.cloud/

Other RStudio Products

https://rstudio.com/

RStudio Desktop Download

Download LINK

Any Problem About Installation ?

Fields of Usage

• Data analysis
  • Interpretation
  • Visualization
  • Manipulation
• Statistical techniques
  • Linear and nonlinear regression (or modelling)
  • Classical statistical tests
  • Time-series analysis
  • Classification and Clustering
  • Correlation Analysis
  • etc.

Interpretation

The process of making sense out of a collection of data.

Visualization

Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data.

Visualization

Visualization

Visualization

storms

Manipulation

The process of changing data to make it easier to read or be more organized.

R dplyr scheme

Linear and nonlinear Regression (or Modelling)

Linear functions are those whose graph is a straight line.

y = f(x) = a + bx

Regression is a statistical method used to create a model.

Classical statistical tests

Describe the distribution of data and to determine the reliability of a sample drawn from a population.

Statistical significance tests is used to inform judgments regarding whether the hypothesis is false or not false

Time-series analysis

Time series is a series of data points in which each data point is associated with a timestamp.

Classification and Clustering

Classification and Clustering are characterize objects into groups by one or more features.

Classification is used in a supervised learning technique which include predefined properties. Clustering is used in unsupervised learning based on group properties.

Correlation analysis

The measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables.

Fields of Usage

• Facebook – Update status and social network graph.
• Google – Calculate Return on Investment (ROI), predict the economic activity, improve the efficiency of online advertising.
• New York Times – Prepare graphics before printing.
• Twitter – R is part of Twitter’s Data Science toolbox for sophisticated statistical modeling.

Preview of R Course

• A Scientific Calculator

• Classes and Data Structures

• Create and Manipulation Data

• Reading, Writing and Plotting Data

• R Programming Structure

• Statistics and Probability

• Data Analysis Packages

Getting Started

• Using the RStudio

• R for Basic Math

• Assigning Objects

• Comments

Open Your RStudio

R You Ready ?!

Using the RStudio

• Preferences
• Project
• File
  • Script
• Undo, Redo, Replace and Find
• Tools - New Terminal
• View/Show Screens

Preferences

RStudio - Preferences - Appearance - Editor Theme

New Theme

Functions, Parentheses, Quotation Marks - Material

Project

File - New Project Don’t Save Current Workspace - New Directory

Project

New Project

Project

Directory Name - Create Project

NEW Project is Ready

File

File - New File - Script

File

File - New File - Script

Undo, Redo, Replace and Find

Edit

Tools - New Terminal

Tools - Terminal - New Terminal

View/Show Screens

View - Zoom and Show …

Script

Save, Run

Environment

Save, Import Dataset, Clean

History

Save, Remove, Clean

Console

Working Directory, Commands, Clean

• getwd() == pwd (linux command)
• setwd(“…”) == cd (linux command)

Files

New Folder, Delete, Rename, Copy

Plot

Before, Zoom, Export, Remove, Clean

Packages

Install, Update

Help

Topic / Word Search

R for Basic Math

addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/)

R for Basic Math

25 * 4 + 9 / 3 - 56

Assigning Objects

The assignment arrow (<-)

Comments

How to tell R to ignore a part of your code? (#)

Comments

Why we use Comments (or Comment Out Lines) ?

• Help yourself and other people to reading the code and understand it faster:

# This code will calculate the probability that it will rain tomorrow

  rain_calculation()

• Ignore a line of code and see how a program will run without it:

# value <- old_code()

  value <- new_code()

Save Your Script

SUMMARY

• R is a language

• RStudio is an interface

• Script is a passive text

• Console is an interactive decoding area

• Math is pre-defined

• Assigment arrow <-

• Comments (hashtag) #

QUIZ

R - Getting Started

kahoo.it

Next Week - Syllabus

Next Week - 5th Week

• R Markdown and Notebook
• Arithmetics
• Help Functions and Install Packages
• Classes
• Vectors
• Matrices
• Arrays
• Non-Numeric Values

Next Week - Book

PART 1 - The Language - Section 2,3 and 4

Pages : 23 - 36

Next Week - Homework

udemy - Introduction to R, Section 1, 2 and 3 (Part 14 to 21)

LINK - udemy

Next Week - Homework

datacamp - 2)Vectors and 3)Matrices

LINK - datacamp

Next Week - QUIZ

R - Basic and Vectors

kahoo.it